Blockchain kya hai, ek prakar ka database hai aur blockchain ko samajh ne ke liye apko database samajh na hoga.
Kya aap Blockchain ke bare me jante hai agar nahi jante toh ye blog
post bilkul apke liye hai. Aap Bitcoin ke bare me toh jante hi honge ya
sune honge toh bas bitcoin ka record rakhne wale technology ko hi blockchain
kaha jata hai. Plus blockchain banking, cryptocurrencies aur investing ke alag
alag charan se bhi relate karta hai.
Blockchain Kya Hai?
Hum blockchain nam sunte hi bahut complicated sa lagta hai aur sahi me
ye thora complicated bhi hai, lekin iska core concept bahut hi simple hai. Ye
blockchain ek prakar ka database hai aur blockchain ko samajh ne
ke liye apko database samajh na hoga.
So basically, database pieces of information ke collection ko kaha jata hai jo
electronically stored rehta hai computer system mein. Database ka structure
table format me hota hai taki koi particular information ko search karne me
asani ho.
Spreadsheet database se alag isiliye hai kyunki spreadsheet ek single person
ke liye designed kiya hota hai jabki database ko bahut sare log ek bare use
kar sakte hai. Blockchain aur database me bas itna hi fark hai ki
blockchain groups me information collect karta hai jise 'blocks' bhi kaha jata
hai.
Har ek blocks ki limited storage capacity hoti hai isiliye jab ek block bhar
jata hai toh pehle bhare huye block se jur jata hai aur ese hi ek information
ki chain ban jati hai.
Blockchain ka purpose digital informations ko record aur ditribute karne ki
permision deti hai lekin edit karne ki nahi. Toh hum ye bol sakte hai ki har
ek blockchain database hota hai lekin har ek database blockchain nahi hota.
Blockchain kaise kam karta hai ?
3 main important concepts shamil hai blockchain me: blocks, nodes,
miners.
1. Blocks
Ek chain bahut sare blocks ke jurne se banta hai aur ek block me 3 basic
elements present rehta hai:
- Data
- Ek 32-bit whole number jise nonce kaha jata hai. Nonce randomly generate hota hai jab ek block banta hai, jo ki bad me ek block header hash ko generate karta hai.
- Ek 256-bit number ka hash jo nonce ke sath jura rehta hai. Aur ye bht sare zeros ke sath suru hota hai (matlab bahut chota hota hai).
Jab ek chain ka pehla block create hota hai, tab nonce ek cryptoghraphic
hash generate karta hai aur jo data us block me rehta hai wo hamesa ke liye
nonce aur hash se jur jata hai jab tak ki use mined na kia jaye.
2. Miners
Miners wo hota hai jo mining ke madad se naya blocks create karta hai. Ek
blockchain me har ek block ka apna khud ka nonce aur hash hota hai, aur sath
hi ek block apne pichle wale block ke hash ko bhi carry karta hai chain me.
Isiliye block mining karna bht hard hota hai especially jab chain bht lamba
ho.
Miners special software use karte hai bahut hi hard complex math ko slove
karne ke liye taki wo nonce finde kar sake jo ki hash generate karta hai.
Kyunki nonce 32-bit aur hash 256-bit ka hota hai isiliye roughly 4 billion
nonce-hash combinations ko mined karna padta hai perfect combination pane ke
liye.
Aur jab ye ho jata hai miners ko 'golden nonce' milta hai aur ek naya block
chain me add ho jata hai. Ek block ko change karne ke liye re-mining ki
jarurat hoti hai aur isse block ke sath-sath block ke piche ke sare block bhi
change ho jate hai.
Isiliye block chain me changes karna bahut muskil hota hai. Ise aap ek tarah
ki safety feature bhi samajh sakte hai. Jab ek block successfully mined ho
jata hai tab network me sare nodes use accept karte hai aur miner ko
financially reward kia jata hai.
3. Nodes
Decentralization (kisi ek ke pass control nahi rehna)
blockchain technology ka sabse important concept hai. koi ek particular
computer ya organization chain ko own nahi kar sakta hai. Balki, ye technology
ek distributed ledger (khata bahi) hai jo via nodes chain se connected rehta
hai.
Nodes hum kisi bhi prakar ke electric device ko khete hai jo blockchain ke
copies ko maintain karta hai or network ko chalu rakta hai. Har ek nodes ka
apna copy hota hai blockchain ka aur network ko jaruri hai kisi bhi naye mined
kiye block ko algoroithmically approve karna taki chain update aur varified ho
sake.
Blockchain bahut hi transparent hai kyunki ledger me kiye gaye kisi bhi prakar
ke change ko hum dekh sakte hai. Har ek participent ka apna unique
alphanumeric ID hota hai jo uske transaction ko show karta hai.
FAQs
Q: Blockchain kya hai?
A: Blockchain ek decentralized digital ledger hai jisme transactions
ko securely store kiya jata hai. Isme ek network of computers ka use kiya
jata hai jo transactions ko validate aur record karte hai.
Q: Blockchain ka use kis tarah se hota hai?
A: Blockchain ka use kisi bhi transaction ya record ko secure aur
transparent tarike se store aur transfer karne ke liye kiya jaata hai. Isme
transactions ko blocks me store kiya jata hai, aur har block ka hash value
previous block ke hash value se depend karta hai, jisse ek chain ban jaati
hai.
Q: Blockchain me cryptography ka kya role hai?
A: Cryptography blockchain ke security aur integrity ko maintain
karne me bahut important role play karta hai. Isme transactions ko encrypt
kiya jata hai, jisse unke contents ko secure banaya jaata hai. Iske alava,
digital signatures ka use bhi kiya jata hai, jisse transactions ko
authenticate kiya jaata hai.
Q: Blockchain ke fayde kya hai?
A: Blockchain ke bahut sare fayde hai jaise ki transactions ka secure
aur transparent storage, decentralization, tamper-proof record keeping, aur
real-time tracking. Blockchain ka use fraud prevention, supply chain
management, digital identity management, aur smart contracts jaise areas me
bhi kiya jaata hai.
Q: Blockchain me smart contracts kya hote hai?
A: Smart contracts blockchain technology ka ek application hai jisme
agreements aur contracts ko digital tarike se create aur enforce kiya jata
hai. Isme contracts ko code ke taur par likha jaata hai, jisse unhe
automatic tarike se execute kiya ja sakta hai.
Q: Blockchain ka use cryptocurrency me kaise kiya jaata hai?
A: Cryptocurrency blockchain technology ka use karke create kiya
jaata hai. Isme digital currencies ko decentralized tarike se create aur
transfer kiya jaata hai. Cryptocurrency me transactions ko verify aur record
karne ke liye blockchain ka use kiya jaata hai.
Q: Blockchain ke alag-alag types kya hai?
A: Blockchain ke kai different types hai jaise ki public blockchain,
private blockchain, aur hybrid blockchain. Public blockchain sabse zyada
popular hai, jisme sabhi users transactions ko validate aur record kar sakte
hai. Private blockchain me restricted group of users ka use kiya jaata hai,
jisse security aur privacy maintain kiya jaata hai. Hybrid blockchain public
aur private blockchains ka mix hota hai.
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