Fundamental Duties (Maulik Kartavya)
Doston citizens ke rights aur duties (maulik kartavya) apas mein correlative hai jise hum alag-alag nahi kar sakte hai. Lekin suruwat ke time original constitution mein sirf fundamental rights (maulik adhikar) ke bare mein likha tha aur fundamental duties ke bare mein kahi bhi mentioned nahi tha.
Constitution jab bann raha tha us samay constitution ko banane wale logon ko ye jaruri nhi laga ki vah fundamental duties (maulik kartavya) ko constitution mein add kare. Lekin state ke duties ko vah logon ne ache se constitution mein mentioned kiya tha as Directive Principles of State Policy.
Bad mein 1976 mein fundamental duties of citizens (nagrikon ka maulik kartavya) ko constitution mein add kiya gya aur 2002 mein, ek aur naya fundamental duty ko add kiya gya.
Constitution of erstwhile USSR se inspired ho kar India ne fundamental duties (maulik kartavya) ko apne constitution me introduced kiya hai, par abhi bhi bahut ese major democratic countries hai like USA, Canada, France, Germany, Australia, etc. jinke constitution mein fundamental duties bilkul mentioned nahi hai.
Maulik Kartavya (fundamental duties) ko Bharat ke sambidhan main kaise jora gya? Swaran Singh Committee Recomendation kya hai?
11 Maulik Kartavya kon kon se hai?
- Indian Constitution ka palan karna, iske aadarshon, sansthaon, National Anthem, aur National flag ka respect karna.
- Freedom ke liye national struggle ko prerit karne wale mahaan aadarshon ko manna aur unka paalan karna.
- Bharat ke sovereignty, ekata, aur akhandata ko banae rakhane aur uski raksha karane ke liye.
- Desh ki raksha karna, aur esa karne ke liye bulaya jaye toh rashtriya seva pradan karna.
- Bharat ke sabhi logon ke bich religious, linguistic, regional ya sectional vividhataon se pare sadbhav aur samaan bhaichare ki bhavana ko badhava dena aur mahilaon ki garima ke liye apamanjanak thoughts (soch) ka tayag karna.
- Desh ki mishrit sanskrti ki rich heritage ko mahatav dena aur sanrakshit karna.
- Forests, lakes, rivers, aur wildlife sahit prakritik paryanvaran ki raksha aur sudhar karna, aur jeevit praniyon ke liye daya dikhana.
- Ek vaigyanik svabhav, manavtavad, aur jaanch aur sudhar ki bhavana vikasit karne ke liye.
- Sarvajanik sampatti ki raksha aur hinsa ko dur karne ke liye
- Vyaktigat aur samoohik gatividhi ki sabhi kshetron mein utkrshtata ki disha mein prayas karne ke liye taki desh uchch sthar tak pahunche.
- 6 se 14 varsh ki aayu ke bich apne bache ko siksha ki avasar pradan karna. (ye duty 86th Constitutional Amendment act ke tahat 2002 mein article 51A mein jora gya tha.)
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